Abstract: This paper investigated the effects of parental functioning on career path selection of University students in Kisumu City, Kisumu County, Kenya. A descriptive survey design was used in the study. The study respondents were 10690 as the target population and a sample of 371 participants were selected using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) formula. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data using SPSS version 24. Results revealed that 92.1% variation in career path selection among university students is explained by parental functioning. The results indicated that 7.9% variation in career path selection by university students is explained by other factors. Parental functioning has a statistically significant positive effect on career path selection by university students. Parent-Child-Interaction, ß =(0.208, ρ = 0.001), Parent-Child-Attachment, ß = (0.354, ρ=.000) and Parent-Child-Support, (0.770, ρ=.000) showed that parental support has greater effect followed by parental attachment and the least was parental interactions, although all are statistically significant. It was concluded that parental functioning influences career path selection among university students. Parental support and parental attachment have a greater effect than parental interaction. It was recommended that students and career counsellors including parents and learning institutions should put greater emphasis on parental support, parental attachment and parental interaction. The study further recommended that students should consider parental functioning when selecting their career paths.

Abstract: The increasing prevalence of gambling among students has raised questions about the underlying factors contributing to these behaviours. One critical factor that has emerged is the influence of peers’ behaviours and the urge to model fellow peers’ actions. This study’s aim was to examine peers’ urge to model fellow peers’ behaviour and cognitive motivation tendencies during peer interaction on gambling motivation. The study was grounded in Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory and Ryan and Deci’s Self-Determination Theory. The study used mixed method research design. The study targeted all third-years students from two universities in Kericho County, and university counsellors from these institutions. The study used Yamane’s formula to recruit a sample of 353 students and census to recruit all the 3 counsellors from the two universities. For key informants, the study used snowballing to recruit 7 students self-presenting with gambling problems. Quantitative data was analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) (Version 23.1) to produce descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data was reported in narrations and direct quotations reinforced the quantitative outcomes. The findings revealed that peers’ urge to model fellow peers’ behaviour have a positive and significant effect on gambling motivation among students in universities. Universities should, therefore, develop counseling services and programmes that highly focus on building awareness on gambling consequences among students. The programmes should prioritize educating students on the addictive nature of gambling and its adverse effects on mental well-being, personal relationships, and academic performance.