Abstract: Mount Elgon Forest has declined primarily due to anthropogenic activities. The aim of this paper was to investigate the influence of settlement activities on sustainable household’s livelihoods of inhabitants in Mount Elgon Forest, Bungoma County, Kenya. This study used cross-sectional research design and mixed methodology. The target population was 12842 household heads, 4 ward administrators, 12 chiefs, 1 Kenya Forest service personnel and 1 NEMA official. A sample of 373 household heads, 4 ward administrators, 12 chiefs, 1 Kenya Forest Service Personnel and 1 NEMA official took part in the study. Questionnaires, interview guides and Focus Group Discussions were used to collect data. Validity was determined by consulting supervisors while reliability was ascertained through piloting and use of Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. Quantitative data was analysed using frequencies, percentages, means, Standard deviation and Pearson Correlation analysis. Qualitative data was thematically classified and arranged before being reported in narrations and quotations. Analyzed data was presented using tables and figures. The study found a significant positive correlation between settlement activities and sustainable households’ livelihoods (r = .614; p = .000). It was recommended that there was a need to devise ways of reducing population density and land fragmentation leading to reduced dependency on forest products. The findings of the study will be crucial to professional bodies and institutions such as Kenya Forest service, Kenya wildlife service and NEMA in relooking at the approaches that enhance livelihoods among forest users and thus come up with strategies for effective management of forests improving on sustainable livelihoods.

Abstract: In the last three decades, the Mount Elgon Forest in Kenya has declined primarily due to anthropogenic activities as a result of overdependence of forest products and services for livelihoods. This paper aimed at investigating the influence of deforestation activities on sustainable livelihoods of the inhabitants in mount Elgon Forest. This study used cross-sectional research design and mixed methodology where both quantitative and qualitative approaches of data collection and analysis was used. The target population was 12842 household heads, 4 ward administrators, 12 chiefs, 1 Kenya Forest service personnel and 1 NEMA official. A sample of 373 household heads,4 ward administrators, 12 chiefs, 1 Kenya Forest Service Personnel and 1 NEMA official took part in the study. Questionnaires, interview guides and Focus Group Discussions were used to collect data. Validity was determined by consulting supervisors while reliability was ascertained using Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. The quantitative data was analysed using frequencies, percentages, mean and Standard deviation. Pearson Correlation analysis was employed to determine relationship that exists between the independent and dependent variables. Qualitative data was thematically classified and arranged before they are reported in narrations and quotations. Analyzed data was presented using tables and figures. The study found out that there was a significant positive correlation between deforestation activities and sustainable households’ livelihoods (r = .682; p = .000) showing that deforestation activities affect sustainable livelihoods. It was recommended that there is need for the community and the government agencies to devise strategies of enhancing sustainable use of forest resources.

Abstract: A key feature of forest conservation and management is the practice of Participatory Forest Management (PFM). In the PFM there is inclusion and collaboration with the local community members in managing and conserving the forest resources, mostly through Community Forest Association (CFA). However, most of the roles of CFA on achieving management objectives of the forest resources are rarely met. The study evaluated the influence of CFA on local community sustainable forest utilization in North Nandi Forest. The study targeted 7,807 people living along the forest and a sample size of 156 respondents was used. Primary data was collected using questionnaires and Focus Group Discussions. Validity was ensured through expert judgement while Cronbach Alpha was calculated to determine reliability. To determine the sustainable utilization of forest resources, data was analyzed using frequency distributions and percentages. The study found out that joint forest management between the government and the community, use of sensitization meetings, the involvement of indigenous people within and outside the forest and the use of county and national government policies to support the conservation and protection of Nandi North Forest were the most significant strategies for management and protection. It was recommended that policies on expansion of land for agriculture and other developmental activities, excision of forest for settlement and illegal cutting of trees for posts, charcoal, fuelwood and timber need to be put in place by both the national and County governments. The findings of this study will help to develop recommendations for forest conservation interventions.

Abstract: Project sustainability is a vital factor to consider in any project in any part of the world as many development projects have had to close down with exit of donors. This denies stakeholders the realisation of the projects outcomes. Clean energy community based projects and sustainable livelihoods are to nurture new thinking to offer more support to the community at the grass-root level for sustainable livelihoods. The main objective of this study was to investigate how clean energy community based projects can sustain livelihoods in Teso South Sub-County, Busia County, Kenya. Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA) guides development interventions, a framework for analysis and an overall development objective. A descriptive study design was adopted and employed both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The study sample had 98 respondents. A questionnaire and interviews were instruments of collecting data. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 23), while qualitative data used content and thematic analysis. The study findings confirmed the SLA approach: interventions should be evidencebased rather than the top-down method without the community’s knowledge, help understand what is and what can be done and development as improvement of livelihood sustainability i.e. Making capitals less vulnerable, enhancing contributions made by some capitals or improving the context of an institution. The study recommended for improved policy framework at the level of the Sub-County, County and National governments to help in the promotion and coordination of programmes for increased adoption of clean energy in the Sub-County.

Received November 15, 2018; Revised February 17, 2019; Accepted March 10, 2019

Abstract: This paper investigated the integration of organizational behaviour models in good governance for sustainable development of educational institutions in Tanzania. The study was conducted in one public university in Dodoma Region, Tanzania. The approach used in the study was qualitative employing single case study design. The respondents of the study were 35, that is, 10 academic staff and 25 students who were obtained through snowball sampling. Method of data collection was focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results showed that intergration of autocratic model helps in making quick decisions, discouraging laziness among the employees, managing conflicts, building hierarchy of the authority and directing orders. Moreover, custodial model enables the employers to maintain employees security and welfare, creating conducive environment, reducing employees’ turnover and building mutual relationship. Supportive model assists in involvement of stakeholders, building sense of belonginess, enhancing unity, encouraging innovation and enhancing of democracy. Finally, collegial model increases teachers satisfaction and adaptability, enhances innovations, and encourages teamworking. The study concludes that it is possible to integrate organizational behaviour models in good governance for sustainable development of education institutions. The study recommends that efforts should be made to have holistic integration of these organizational behaviour models.