Abstract: Performance of teachers is crucial in attaining the educational goals and it is the role of Human Resource Management (HRM) to ensure that teachers are motivated in carrying out their day-to-day teaching and learning activities. The study purposed to assess the effectiveness of HRM practices on teacher’s performance in public secondary schools in Arusha City. The practices include job promotion, housing facilities, loan, teamwork, recognition, in-service training, performance appraisal, lunch programme and incentives. Descriptive research design was used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data. A total of 130 respondents including 126 teachers and 3 school heads, selected randomly, and one district education officer automatically selected, were sampled for the study. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data whereas interview guides were used to collect qualitative data from school heads and education officer. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically alongside research questions and presented in narrative forms whereas quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables. The findings indicate that new employees were subjected to induction and orientation, adapted to their new surrounding through socialization and subjected to training and development. Results finally indicated that effective human resource management through proper remuneration, training and retraining of staff, strong trade unions, good organization culture, friendly government prescribed policies, employees’ safety and improved working conditions increases job satisfaction, improves teachers’ commitment, motivates talents, improves employee’s relationships and cultivates performance culture. The study recommends regular workshops and short courses to help teachers keep abreast with trends in human resource management.