Abstract: This study investigated the effect of three constructs of SMS advertising on mobile phone users’ attitudes toward Short Messaging Service (SMS) advertising. In general, the study tested the effect of frequency, irritation, and credibility on consumers’ attitudes toward SMS advertising. A structured digital questionnaire was used to collect data from 168 mobile phone users on Facebook social networking platform. A multiple linear regression model was used to estimate the significant effect of the three constructs of SMS advertising on mobile phone users’ attitudes. The results of the test of hypothesis indicated that the model was a significant predictor of the outcome variable at (F (3, 152) =3.990, p=.009). The coefficient of determination was R2=0.073. This indicates that a 7.3% change in mobile phone users’ attitudes can be explained by irritability, credibility, and frequency of SMS messages. The results further revealed that irritation (β=-0.035, t=-3.420, ρ=.001), significantly influences mobile phone users’ attitudes towards SMS advertising. The outcome of the study implies that mobile phone users are mindful of the value of the type of advertising content that they receive as they seem to possess adequate taste and preferences for the type of information that they seek to receive through SMS adverts. Therefore, the study concludes that the success of SMS advertising medium strongly depends on message characteristics. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that marketing managers in telecommunication should ensure proper packaging of messages as well as the target group to whom messages are sent.

Abstract: In any organization and management, effective communication is key to enhancing job satisfaction and organizational performance. Consequently, levels of communication within and between the organizations are assumed to have a positive impact on job satisfaction, which subsequently can enhance organizational growth and stability (Đorđević, Milanović, & Stanković, 2021). This study therefore sought to investigate the effect and correlates of levels of communication on levels of job satisfaction, a case of Don Bosco secondary schools, Ethiopia. Participants in this study were 157 teachers, administrative staff and support staff aged 18 years and above that were purposively sampled to participate in the study. Results from this study using Fisher’s exact test, Pearson correlation test and Linear regression tests showed that downward communication promotes job satisfaction (p=0.000) and that a strong positive correlation exists between levels of communication and job satisfaction (r = .347; p = 0.01). Also, result from linear regression indicated that levels of communication play a significant predicting role on job satisfaction (p = 0.000; 95%CI: .147-.357). It was therefore concluded that for employees to feel satisfied in their jobs, levels of communication in the organization need to be improved.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of visual aids in enhancing teaching and learning process in public secondary schools in Ilemela Municipality, Tanzania. Specifically, the study sought to describe visual aids used by teachers during the teaching and learning process and to find out the views of teachers and students about the effects of using visual aids in the teaching and learning process. The study was guided by Skinner’s instructional theory (1974). A mixed research approach was employed, under which the convergent parallel research design was used. A sample size of 111 participants was selected, including students, teachers, school academic masters, heads of schools, and school quality assurance officers were involved in order to provide the required information. Data was collected through questionnaires and interview guides. The quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 20 and presented on tables in frequencies and percentages, while the qualitative data was coded and analysed thematically. The findings showed that teachers had the tendency to ignore the use of visual aids in the teaching and learning process. This study concluded that the use of visual aids in the teaching and learning process is very important because it simplifies the concepts taught. It is recommended that MoEST provides enough materials, seminars and training to teachers for the preparation and usage of visual aids.