Effect of Social Factors: Religion, Gender, and Cultural Beliefs on Cotton Production Sustainability in Kisumu County, Kenya

Omollo Rose Agina Atieno, Peter Gutwa Oino & Godfrey Ungaya
Department of Sociology, Gender and Development Studies,
School of Arts and Social Sciences, Kisii University
Email: roseagina@yahoo.com

Abstract: Cotton production in Kenya has a long history, with its roots well-established before the country’s independence in 1963. Gender, religion, and cultural beliefs significantly influence access to resources and the sustainability of cotton farming. This study aimed to assess the impact of these social factors on the sustainability of cotton production in Kisumu County, Kenya. Anchored on functionalism theory, the study utilized a mixed-method research design, combining descriptive and correlational approaches. The target population included 600 cotton farmers aged 18 to 65, with simple random sampling employed to select the sample. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires, in-depth interviews, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. The findings revealed that gender disparities, religious beliefs, and cultural norms had statistically significant effects on the sustainability of cotton farming. Women faced challenges in accessing farming resources, while religious and cultural beliefs sometimes hindered the adoption of modern farming techniques. The study recommends that the government initiate community development programs and sensitization efforts to address negative cultural practices and promote gender equity in cotton farming.